Orange High School

The following guidelines are taken from "Avoiding plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and other questionable writing practices: A guide to ethical writing" by Miguel Roig.Guideline 1: An ethical writer ALWAYS acknowledges the contributions of others to his/her work.

Guideline 1: An ethical writer ALWAYS acknowledges the contributions of others to his/her work.

Guideline 2: Any verbatim text taken from another source must be enclosed in quotation marks and be accompanied by a citation to indicate its origin.

Guideline 3: When we summarize others’ work, we use our own words to condense and convey others’ contributions in a shorter version of the original.

Guideline 4: When paraphrasing others’ work, not only must we use our own words, but we must also use our own syntactical structure. 

Guideline 5: Whether we are paraphrasing or summarizing we must always identify the source of our information.

Guideline 6: When paraphrasing and/or summarizing others’ work we must ensure that we are reproducing the exact meaning of the other author’s ideas or facts and that we are doing so using our own words and sentence structure.

Guideline 7: In order to be able to make the types of substantial modifications to the original text that result in a proper paraphrase, one must have a thorough command of the language and a good understanding of the ideas and terminology being used.

Guideline 8: When in doubt as to whether a concept or fact is common knowledge, provide a citation.